US Foreclosures Feasibility Project

The dependent variable, U. S. Foreclosures Filings, is used in the cause and affect relationship presented wrought the project. The following independent variables will be used to determine the most significant factor in U. S. Foreclosure filings. This data is collected every month from more than 2,200 countless by [email  protected] Realty'[email  protected] compiles this nationwide data and reports a count of the total number of properties with at least one foreclosure filing reported. Primary Independent Variable: a.Rising Unemployment Rising unemployment rates is the primary Independent variable because I believe that as the national employment rate continues to rise so will the number of foreclosure filings. The data used to represent the relationship was provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and collected monthly. The first resource that solidifies my belief comes from commoner. Com. Less Christie describes in the article, â€Å"Mounting Job Losses Fueling Foreclosure s,† the correlation between unemployment rates and the rise In U.S. Foreclosures. He explains that the more individuals lose their jobs the more the delinquency trend will continue. (Christie, 2008) In the article, â€Å"2008 Foreclosure Filings Set Record,† Stephanie Armor recognizes the relationship between Job loss and foreclosure lings. She clarifies that even though Interest rates decreased, the number of those filing for foreclosure continued to rise between 2007 and 2008 resulting in an 81% increase.The former federal deputy Housing Commissioner under President Clinton is quoted saying, â€Å"with foreclosures continuing to rise and the economy in a downward spiral, It's not surprising you see Increased foreclosure because of Increased unemployment. † (Armor, 2009) Independent Variables: a. Divorce (XX: DIVORCE)- Divorce is another leading cause in the number of the family and they then run the risk of foreclosure. This data was compiled through the Center for Disease Control and Prevention & National Center for Health Statistics.

Family Management Essay

1. What information in the documentary most surprised you? The thing that most surprised me was the amount of credit cards that a household. I am currently stressed out by having one credit card, I could not even imagine multiplying that stress by 8. I understand that adults with families need credit cards to help buy necessities for their families, but I think that if you are going to take on the responsibilities of owning a credit card, you should make sure you are able to pay more then just the minimum amount. That is another thing that surprised me, the fact that 35 million people only pay the minimum amount due is really shocking because people should be well aware by now how much money they are actually loosing by doing that. 2. Do you think the government should have a role in regulating both who can get credit cards and what interest and fees consumers should pay? If so, who should be the regulators? Who would benefit from such regulation? Who would lose? Explain. I don’t think the government should have a role in regulating who can get a credit card or the interest rate or fees. When people sign up for a credit card, they are well aware of the responsibility that they are taking on. Everyone knows their limit and how much interest they are charged, so if you cant afford to pay something off on time you should not buy it. I don’t think people should blame the banks if they are being charged interest on their purchases; it is their responsibility to be able to keep track of their income and their spending. Even though the bank is making money off of people who do not pay their bills on time, they are the ones lending money to people and they need to make some profit to, like every other business out there. 3. How, according to the four â€Å"normal consumers† in the documentary, does owning a credit card or credit cards affect purchasing decisions? Owning a credit card or multiple credit cards give the illusion of having more money then you actually do. The credit card makes people think that paying it later isn’t a big deal, when actually it buries people in huge sums of debt. Buying something for $500 and only making minimum payments for it can actually end up being double the price (depending on your interest rate). I was brought up thinking that credit cards are for emergencies and emergencies only, but now that I have one I find myself tempted to by things that are not even close to a necessity, and because of this piece of plastic, I also find that I convince myself not to worry and that I will pay it off later. It affects the purchasing decision by giving the illusion of money that most people don’t have, people have a hard time distinguishing the difference of their wants and their needs. Since there is an option to do a minimum payment, the majority of people are taking that route. 4. Who loses and gains the most from credit card companies’ policies? The people who gain from credit card companies are the ‘dead beats’, also known as the people who pay off their entire credit card bill at the end of the month. The reason that they are the gainers is because they are the ones who never have to pay interest, therefore the credit card companies are not making any money off of them and are basically just lending money to these people. The people that pay of their entire bill at the end of the month not only don’t have to pay interest, but they also gain benefits and good credit rates, depending on what that bank offers. The people that lose from credit cards are the people that only make the minimum payments. The downfall with only paying the minimum payments is that they are gaining interest of the balance spent, so they are constantly loosing money. They may think that they are saving money because they are not spending a lot on payments, but in the long run they are paying double the amount. 5. Has the documentary influenced how you might use credit cards in the future? Explain† (Frontline, 2008). Definitely, I’ve always thought I had a good concept on the whole credit card situation, but looking at the video has made me realize how much money I am actually loosing. I’ve always paid more then the minimum payment but still, I would much rather be one of the â€Å"dead beats†. Being in school makes that next to impossible though since I cannot work as much as I’d like to. This video makes me more conscious of the purchases that I make and it also makes me want to pay off my credit card off immediately! Being a student has put me into a lot of debt, I hope that once I have a career in place I will be able to pay off all of my debts.

Annotated Bibliography: Illegal Immigration Essay

An illegal immigrant is a foreigner who has entered or resides in a country without the countries authorization. According to the C.I.A. â€Å"the nations immigrant population reached a record of 37.9 million in 2007 and nearly one in three immigrants is an illegal alien.†(Camarota) In 2000 there were reported 214 million immigrants in the world, â€Å"immigrants now make up 3.1 percent of the world population.† (Gonzalez and Nowicki) Normally illegal immigrants go overlooked in big economies, usually taking jobs that the citizens will not do. However when a recession hits the illegal immigrants will be looked down on and blamed for being the cause of unemployment rates and getting the citizens â€Å"rightfully owned† government money. The reason illegal immigration is sociologically significant is because there are many different viewpoints on it, some people think it helps and others think it only hinders. In some cases it can help the economy with low skilled workers taking jobs others would not normally want, but in other cases they can use government money, free education, and more. I chose these selections because I thought they would best help my research paper. Each journal displays some negative effect of illegal immigrants on the host country or a law relating to illegal immigrants and the affect that law has on the people. Some papers display good outcomes for the host country, but might not necessarily be good for the country in a real life situation. Chiswick, Barry R. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Immigration Control† The Journal of Economic Perspectives 2 (1988): 101-115 Web. 6 April 2014 Barry R. Chiswick has published 394 papers, most of which have to do with economic standpoints. The main point of this paper is to show the economic impact of illegal immigration. according to Chiswick, â€Å"Illegal immigrants have an impact on the economic well-being of the legal resident population of the United States, both at the level of income and the distribution of income.† (106) The paper then goes on to state that â€Å"the increased immigration of low-skilled workers will lead to an increase in the marginal  productivity hence the wage rate of higher skilled workers.† (Chiswick 106) If so then the lower paid workers will continue to be paid the same and the higher skilled workers will start being paid more, thus leading to an economic struggle and more of a difference in power. At this point the conflict theory could set in and lower-class workers could have reason to rebel or go on strike. Chiswick then goes on to say â€Å"The immigration of low-skilled workers with their dependents may reduce the income of the native population† this meaning that every illegal immigrant that brings its family will potentially be lowering the average income of American citizens. This reference is of value to my research because it shows the negative effects of illegal immigration and what would happen if it continues to go on. It also shows how little immigrants get paid, and how the amount of money they make is so drastically little that it actually lowers the average American household income. Being paid so little these people would have to struggle just to get by and may turn to violence or taking multiple jobs away from U.S. citizens. Dula, Giora, Nava Kahana and Tikva Lecker â€Å"How to Partly Bounce Back the Struggle against Illegal Immigration to the Source Countries† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006):315-325 Web 6 April 2014 Gloria Dula has published 20 papers, including 3 corrections and this her first on immigration. The main purpose of the paper was to propose new tactics in keeping illegal immigration down. According to the journal, by putting more funding into strengthening its own internal and border control and the foreign aid given to some countries you would be able to minimize illegal immigration. The authors think this tactic will work because â€Å"the negative impact on the well being of the majority of voters motivates rick countries to take measures against illegal immigration.† (Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 317) The paper also states that â€Å"there is little doubt that illegal immigration is a troublesome phenomenon for rich countries sense the illegal immigrants do not pay taxes, are often involved in clandestine activities and are unable to obtain jobs in which they may be noticed† (Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 316) Then it goes on to say â€Å"most illegal immigrants are primarily low-skilled workers,†(Dula, Kahana, and Lecker 316) if this is true then most Americans could have the jobs that these people come over seas for, showing that they are taking jobs that Americans can work. This  reference is of value to my research because it shows the negative effects of illegal immigration and then comes up with a solution to the problem. By putting more funding into boarder protection we would be able to lower the threat that illegal immigration causes. Garcà ­a, Angel Solano â€Å"Does Illegal Immigration Empower Rightist Parties?† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006): 649-670 Web. 6 April 2014 Angel Solano Garcia has published 17 papers, all of which have related to economics or immigration. The main purpose of the paper is to show the political influence that illegal immigration has on elections in America. Illegal immigration has turned into a smuggling crime and gangs will take people over the border in exchange for money, most immigrants â€Å"are caught up with organized crime by these criminal gangs.† (Garcia 650) Garcia shows that â€Å"immigration is spontaneously accused of being a major source of insecurity,†(Garcia 650) which means that the candidate that speaks out against illegal immigration may have more influence on voters. Then by producing an equations Garcia seeks to prove himself right and says â€Å"In our model, we assume that there exists a positive relation between the number of illegal immigrants that enter the country and the natives’ perception of the lack of security in the host country.† There could also be people that would feel like a candidate that did not like funding boarder control would be a better choice seeing how the U.S. government has been â€Å"raising the enforcement budget of the U.S. boarder control from US$290 million in 1980 to US$1.7 billion in 1995.†(Garcia 651) This reference is of value to my research because it shows a lot of negative effects on the U.S. due to immigration such as gang violence, government spending, and citizen insecurity. It also shows how illegal immigration can be used as a political advantage either by talking for or against it because of its sociological importance to people. Hall, Anthony. â€Å"Illegal immigration and medical confidentiality†The British Medical Journal, 280 (1980): 569-570. Web. 7 April 2014. Anthony Hall has had 903 papers published, all having to do with medicine or  in the medical field. The authors stand point is against illegal immigration proving so when he uses many different negative effects to prove his point that illegal immigrants that enter the UK with means of getting medical attention should be deported and notified to the Home Office. The main purpose of this journal was to elaborate on what happens to illegal immigrants when needing medical attention. illegal immigration does not only effect America but also other countries as well, for England, â€Å"under the immigration act of 1971 illegal immigration and overstaying are criminal offences.† (Hall 569) This paper also shows the amount of crime illegal immigrants has brought to the U.K. with Hall stating â€Å"terrorists have entered the UK illegally and committed murder. There may be 50,000 illegal immigrants from Iran; some have brought in heroin, and the proportion of Iranian heroin in the UK has greatly increased.†(Hall 570) This is similar to the drugs being brought in along with gang violence from Mexico into America as stated by Angel Solano Garcia. This reference is of value to my research because it shows how all developed countries do not want illegal immigrants â€Å"in order to reduce crime, disease, and government spending†(Hall 570) Showing how all countries are affected by these three things when it has an abundance of illegal immigrants. Even though Hall states that â€Å"most countries, both rich and poor, have much stricter immigration law than does the UK,† other countries still experience the same harsh effects of illegal immigration Jacobs, Michael â€Å"Immigration Controls and Racism† Economic and Political Weekly 20 (1985): 1075-1076 Web. 8 April 2014 Michael Jacobs has published 1,810 papers most on the economy and environment. The author is for letting illegal immigrants stay because of his views on marriage and family.The main idea of the journal is to show how people discriminate against women when it comes to immigration and grace policies. Jacobs states that â€Å"a recent report by the Commission for Racial Equality declared that the immigration rules were racist in operation†(1075) because in most cases if an illegal immigrant couple enters America and has a child, the father will be deported where the mother will be able to stay so that she can raise the child. This means that there is a  lot of racism going on when dealing with illegal aliens. There is also immigration issues when dealing with marriage, an illegal immigrant may try to gain citizenship by marrying a citizen of the country. This means that people are starting to have to go through tests to make sure that they are not getting married just for the purpose of citizenship. However â€Å"the UK immigrants Advisory Service has already begun proceedings against this rule in the European court, on grounds of both racial discrimination an its attack on the right to marry according to choice and to live in the country of citizenship†. (Jacobs 1075) There is much controversy over the issue but the one thing that is certain is that an extreme amount of racism and sexism is being used when dealing with these people. This reference is of value to my research because it shows how even though we might be trying to get non-citizens out of the country, we will never be able to do it properly until we are able to put aside the sexism. Palivos ,Theodore â€Å"Welfare Effects of Illegal Immigration† Journal of Population Economics 22 (2009):131-144 Web. 3 April 2014 Theodore Palivos has published 78 papers, most of which are about economical matters. The main purpose of the article is to show how illegal immigration is good for the host country by contributing to said countries economic growth and increasing their holdings of capital. By coming up with two equations that analyzed heterogeneous labor, wage, unemployment, and labor force to show that illegal immigration raises the welfare of domestic citizens . He also brings in many factors such as that there is less governmental control for such low paying factories so profit can grow more, and that the people working in these conditions do not strive for more because they cannot get a better job in their country. This reference is of value to my research because by showing that the effects of having no illegal immigrants would significantly open up more jobs, even though there would be a negative outcome, it would still give opportunities for pay to more American citizens. If the work he had done represented a country that had no minimum wage then his findings would have been conflicting with my paper, however because the U.S. does have minimum wage it reverses all of the results because it leads to the conflict theory where there is â€Å"job  competition between domestic unskilled workers and immigrants.† (Palivos 132) Robison, W. G. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants in Canada: Recent Developments† International Migraton Review18 (1984): 474-485 Web. 7 April 2014 W. G. Robinson has published 197 paper, most about medicine. The main point of the journal is to inform about the immigration policies in Canada and how they have changed over time. According to Robison â€Å"Immigration policies and their management in a country like Canada have long been an interesting and instructive study for other countries,†(474) this could be because of its strange boarders and â€Å"rapid legislative and administrative responses to problems†.(Robinson 474) Robinson states thatIn order to make Canada’s boarders harder to get across â€Å"immigration authorities in Canada have undertaken a number of test programs aimed at improving border control,† (482) â€Å"extended use of the visitors visa,†(482) and if a persons visa is not accepted â€Å"there is effective control without the cost of transportation to the visitor who is turned back at entry.†(482) All of these things contributed to the drastic drop in illegal immigrants in Canada, because people with a work visa were able to stay in the country longer they were not considered illegal anymore. The people that did not get accepted for a visa were turned away and deported, expenses paid by Canada. This reference is of value to my research because it shows an effective way to get rid of unwanted illegal immigrants that may be used by other countries. This also gives incite on the affects of illegal aliens in other countries, by showing yet another country that is affected that is not America. â€Å"Unenforced Boundaries: illegal immigration and the limits of judicial federalism† Harvard Law Review, 1081995 (1995):1643-1660 Web. 7 April 2012 The Harvard law review is a journal that publishes eight regular annual issues of various legal articles by professors, judges, practitioners, and students. The purpose of this article is to show how the federal government is ultimately in charge of what happens to illegal immigrants and not the state. In California proposition 187 was approved in 1994 was designed â€Å"to  make illegal aliens ineligible for most state and local government-provided social services, health care, and education.† (1643) but then the paper goes on to state that â€Å"a state has no power to prevent unlawful immigration, and no power to deport illegal aliens†¦ if the federal government, properly chargeable with deporting illegal aliens, fails to do so, it should bear the burdens of their presence here.†(1643) This means that even though they approved proposition 187, they have no power to get the illegal aliens out of the state so they would wind up having to pay for these people any way. Thus the proposition would have no effect because of things such as the 14th amendment that requires states to provide public education to illegal-immigrant children on an equal basis with other children. It is also hard to document the costs of illegal immigrants because they are â€Å"by definition, undocumented.† (1645) This reference is of value to my research because it shows that unless the government helps take action, the states affected by illegal immigrants will be stuck having to pay unnecessary taxes and fees for people that are not citizens. If the government were to enforce more laws on illegal immigration then we would have more money to spend on schooling and towns all over America, this can also apply to other countries in the sense that they would have more state funding if the government spending went up for boarder control and illegal immigrant deportation. Works Cited: Camarota, Steven. â€Å"Immigrants in the United States, 2007† Center for Immigration. CIA, 2007. Web. 3 April 2014 Chiswick, Barry R. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Immigration Control† The Journal of Economic Perspectives 2 (1988): 101-115 Web. 6 April 2014 Dula, Giora, Nava Kahana and Tikva Lecker â€Å"How to Partly Bounce Back the Struggle against Illegal Immigration to the Source Countries† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006):315-325 Web 6 April 2014 Garcà ­a, Angel Solano â€Å"Does Illegal Immigration Empower Rightist Parties?† Journal of Population Economics 19 (2006): 649-670 Web. 6 April 2014 Gonzalez, Daniel and Dan Nowicki. â€Å"Governments across globe struggling with immigration† AZcentral. AZcentral, n.d.Web. 3 April 2014 Hall, Anthony. â€Å"Illegal immigration and medical confidentiality† The British Medical Journal, 280 (1980): 569-570. Web. 7 April 2014. Jacobs, Michael â€Å"Immigration Controls and Racism† Economic and Political Weekly 20 (1985): 1075-1076 Web. 8 April 2014 Palivos, Theodore â€Å"Welfare Effects of Illegal Immigration† Journal of Population Economics 22 (2009):131-144 Web 3 April 2014 Robison, W. G. â€Å"Illegal Immigrants in Canada: Recent Developments† International Migraton Review18 (1984): 474-485 Web. 7 April 2014 â€Å"Unenforced Boundaries: illegal immigration and the limits of judicial federalism† Harvard Law Review, 1081995 (1995):1643-1660 Web. 7 April 2014

Occupational Health and Safety Management Essay

Occupational Health and Safety Management - Essay Example The rest of this essay will lay out the benefits of providing a safe working environment by citing relevant legislative, financial and moral rationale. Legal Aspects: The Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act of 1986 will be the basic document of reference for my decisions and initiatives. Section 19 of the act is particularly relevant, for it outlays the duties of employers toward employee safety. This section notes that an employer must, â€Å"in respect of each employee employed or engaged by the employer, ensure so far as is reasonably practicable that the employee is, while at work, safe from injury and risks to health and, in particular, must provide and maintain so far as is reasonably practicable, a safe working environment, safe systems of work, plant and substances in a safe condition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (www.austlii.edu.au, 2012) The OHSW Act is quite thorough in the range of clauses it includes, covering all contingencies and freak occurrences. As OHS Manager of a large national transport company, one of my primary challenges is in sorting and managing the slew of complaints, grievances and lawsuits that will be raised against the company, especially against the department. But rather than an antagonistic approach toward disposing these issues, an empathetic and compassionate approach will fetch better results. (Murphy & Cooper, 2000) After all, given the high risks taken by workers by involving themselves in the transportation business, one should respect their genuine concerns and seek to resolve them. The government of South Australia has heeded to the demands of workers of the region and has tightened its laws governing OHS. The verdict on recently held case Farrell v B & A Fisheries Pty Ltd [2012] SAIRC bears out this fact. (www.safework.sa.gov.au, 2012) Financial Aspects: From a financial point of view, the costs incurred by the management in building safety nets for workers are worth it in the long run. For example, offering them disability insurance, life insurance, installing air bags in transport vehicles, etc, are worthy investments when one considers the emotional and monetary distress that they would later save employees. Creating a feeling of security and trust among employees will benefit the company by reducing attrition rates, enhancing loyalty and increasing motivation level of employees. Hence, from a financial standpoint, every dollar spent toward building safety mechanisms for worker health, will indirectly boost the bottom line. Moreover, the provisions for fines in the OHSW Act, makes it prudent to invest in safety rather than pay for negligence and poor standards. For example, under the OHSW Act, a first offence would lead to a Division 2 fine and a subsequent offence a Division 1 fine. That preventing a mishap is wiser than paying after the fact is underscored by the elaborate dictates of the OHSW Act. The moral angle is also taken into account in the Act, as it states that â€Å"an employer must so far as is reasonably practicable, monitor the health and welfare of the employer’s employees in their employment with the employer, insofar as that monitoring is relevant to the prevention of work-related injuries† (www.austlii.edu.au, 2012) The verdict on Symons v Downer EDI Works Pty Ltd [2012]

Arabic civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Arabic civilization - Essay Example The aspect of the average density population has little effect to its Arab world since the significant human settlement is found where there is adequate water supply (Wischenbart, 2011). The high rate of illiteracy, lack of up-to-date statistics and information, distorted balance of payments, low purchasing power, and low level of technological development are the due factors that have made Arabs fail to develop in as required in the market book. This statement is well analyzed in this paper. Cultural issues affect every market. The diversity of the culture determines the extent to which such affect the market. For instance, Arabs culture is divided into three main parts, the Urban, Rural, and the Nomad. As such, these cultures place a great significance in both the family and the community. Cultures associated with richness are, Arab art, music and philosophy, these have made great contribution to the development of different areas particularly, mathematics, medicine, astronomy, language, architecture among others have all benefited from Arab industry (Mazlish, 2004). The Arab world has contributed much to the world’s economy. However, this is seen to decline in the book market because they do not seem to abstain from some of their practices. They do not give jobs because of what you have but for who you are, freedom of expression between them is sharply limited as well as freedom of association unlike other countries. The quality of education has seen to be decl ining causing a clear mismatch between the labor market and the education system. Arabs cultural standard does not seem to allow their populations to buy books in a way that develops the book industry (Harabi, 2007). The ballot box power transfer has never been adopted in which parts of the developing world are a common phenomenon. Bogus elections, confused executives and the judiciary, media constraints and on the civil society sometime

Can You See the Real Me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Can You See the Real Me - Essay Example In communication per se, had people been able to communicate effectively by means of internet and cyber chatting Where can a person expose its real self Has there been a difference of how a person shows it self face-to-face and through internet In Can You See the Real Me Activation and Expression of the "True Self" in the Internet, Bargh, McKenna and Fitzimons (2002), the idea that a person possesses a multiple sense of persona has been described by different psychologists and sociologists. True to the fact that a person can change moods and expressions in different situations, it is ideally easy to believe that a person or a stranger in the cyberworld can openly be with its "true self" rather than face-to-face situations or encounters. If a person in the cyberworld remains anonymous and is spared with the risks of social sanctions while remaining socially active, then a person can reveal its "true-self" in the internet rather than face-to-face encounters. During the process of identifying if a person in the cyberworld remains anonymous and is spared with the risks of social sanctions while remaining socially active, then a person can reveal its "true-self" in the internet rather than face-to-face encounters, forty six students enrolled in introductory psychology course in New York University of which 18 were male and 28 were female were identified as the Independent Variables (IV). These students participated by pairs of which 16 is of the same sex and 7 was cross sex. On the other hand, the Dependent Variables (DV) are the true self and actual self of the participants, wherein, the reaction to the set of tests will be observed to prove the hypothesis. CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIONS OF VARIABLES Independent variable is the variable that is controlled and manipulated by the experimenter. Dependent variable is not manipulated; instead the DV is observed or measured for variation as a presumed result of the variation in the IV.1 In this case, the students will be manipulated by the experimenter by conducting a series of tests. How they react to these tests, whether they reveal their true self or actual self, will be observed and identified as a result of the manipulation of the experimenter to the students. METHODOLOGY The gathered data were analyzed using a 2x2x2x2 repeated measures of ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) of which, then interaction mode: online or face-to-face, interaction length: 5 or 15 minutes, self concept: actual self or true self, and participants in pair were being observed. The first two factors describe the variables between participants and the last 2 factors describe the variables within the participants. OPERATIONALIZATION OF VARIABLES The participants were experimented with the use of stimuli for the computerized reaction time task consisted of trait words which are presented to the participants in random order. Consisting of 8 practice trials and 45 experimental trials, each word will appear in the center of the screen until the participant responds. 35 words of the experimental trials frequently encountered trait terms which are "wise" and "bossy" of which half are positive and half are negative. The 10 other words of the stimuli were the "actual self" and "true self" words which were generated earlier from the participants but were placed in the last part of the stimuli so that the participants will not detect its connection towards the experiment. All the sessions were conducted by a single

Susan glaspell trifles gender roles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Susan glaspell trifles gender roles - Essay Example In the patriarchal society, women’s issues were often considered of a marginal importance, the writer examines this with a view of highlighting the negative impact the subservience forced upon them. The play commences with a murder investigation after Mr. Wright is found strangled with a rope in his bedroom; his wife, Mrs Wright, who was alone with him is arrested and taken to jail as the main suspect. From her jail cell, she requests her three friends who are also wives of the investigating officers to fetch her apron and a shawl from her house; the women and their husbands go to the house, which the husbands ransack in search for evidence of the crime. On the other hand, the women go through Mrs Wrights personal belongings, men scorn the women’s actions, which they see as irrelevant and naive since they are going through â€Å"trifles†. However, the women ultimately discover the simple details and clues that the men in their many searches missed or ignored, thi s minor details end up providing the conclusive proof of Mr Wright’s crime. ... riticism of the fact that a woman’s identity is defined in relation to her connection with a man, her husband and not so much the role she plays as an autonomous human being. A man on the other hand is addressed by either name or title, conversely, men are viewed as complete wholes and their identity is tied to the important roles they play in society and they are unequivocally considered as more independent than women are. The women are homemakers, when they come to the house, it is primarily to fetch the belongings Mrs Wright had asked of them, thus to them the farmhouse was not just a crime scene but also a home. They sat in the kitchen, went through the drawers and took note of the broken glass and bread left on the counter; contrariwise, the men have come with the single-minded purpose of discovering evidence from a crime scene (O Neil). Their endeavor to find evidence is designed to be thorough, and centered completely on the crime not the facts that may have preceded it , they come looking for signs of a break in although they later discover the rope used to kill Mr Wright belonged to his house. Their technical and impersonal approach however brings out radically different results from the women’s, they were able to figure out she may have killed her husband but they did not know why. The women on examining the trifles however were able to come up with a logical explanation and discovered the woman had been quite disturbed before she committed the crime. Men’s tyrannical status is also explored in the description of my Wright who is described as a hard man; the women speculate that he did not like the birds singing although his wife did. This lead to his snapping its neck, the women notice that the manner in which the bird and the man died were not markedly

The word 'God' and its meanings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The word 'God' and its meanings - Essay Example e inferred herein that since God can be perceived to bear the ultimate potential of creation and of knowledge in all, God’s might and intellectual capacity must be far beyond the measure which men could possibly hold in depths of thought or imagination. For Christians, this view of God corresponds to the unseen Creator and Father who neither has a beginning nor an end and who is widely known for His unconditional love for mankind despite the weak nature of the latter. As a full manifestation of this love, Christians believe that this same God established a ‘covenant’ with men in the ancient times through the prophets and carried out His plan of salvation at the expense of the death of Christ by crucifixion in order to save human souls from the perilous evil of committing sins, upon repentance. A Gnostic group called the Marcionites claim that â€Å"the Christian Gospel was wholly a Gospel of Love to the absolute exclusion of Law† (Gray, 2002) so that this leads to the notion that the God in whom Christians express their prayerful faith is even magnified as a loving God who is, above all, a merciful Redeemer and not a ruthless Punisher. On the other hand, the dictionary-based definition coincides with the manner â€Å"Allah† or the God of Islam is depicted as â€Å"the Almighty Creator and Sustainer of the universe† where, in the 112th chapter of Qur’an, the text reads â€Å"In the name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate† and includes that Allah is â€Å"the One God, the Everlasting Refuge, who has not begotten, nor has been begotten, and equal to Him is not anyone† (WAMY Series). Similar to the illustration of God via the Christian principle, the image of Allah prevails as God with abundant reserves of mercy and an unparalleled God of providence whose existence is considered infinite on both ends of time. Among the monotheistic systems of belief such as those adhered to by Muslims and Christians, the concept of God appears to converge on the

The Rights of the LGBT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

The Rights of the LGBT - Essay Example The achievement of the rights started the law paved way for it by decriminalization of their acts from1967. This was from the moment the Wolfenden report was considered in parliament. Since that time, the group has been involved in a long struggle, as they fight for their rights within the United Kingdom. The group today has achieved a lot, and many bills have been passed in their favor. The law has guaranteed equal treatment for the LGBT group in every sphere of life. They still have a long way to go, since they are still subject to prejudice by the society. However, the situation has greatly improved, and the mechanisms to make it better have been put in place. Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents 2 1. Introduction 3 1.1 Areas of Concerns for the LGBT 4 1.2 Just What is Wrong With the Society? 5 2 The History Of LGBT In U.K 6 2.1 After the Wolfenden Report 9 2.2 Further Reforms From 1967 To 1994 And The Age Of Consent 11 2.3 The Progress From 2000 To Date 14 2.4 Revisiting Section 28 14 2.5 Other Reforms 15 2.6 Have The Social Attitudes Changed? 17 2.7 Further Change For UK 18 2.8 Reasons For Differing Times Of Change In The Rights Of The LGBT 19 3 Conclusion 21 1. Introduction The initials LGBT represent a specific group of people in every society. They represent lesbians, gay, bisexual and transgender or the transsexual individuals. The letter T also represents transvestite group of people. Sometimes the letter Q is added to include the group of questioning youth, who through time have put to book the policymakers the issues that surround this group. Generally, the society in different states does not accept this group. Basing their argument on the moral values that are dictated by traditions and religious backgrounds, most of the society’s members discriminate this group. The law represents this moral ground, and as expected their rights are not a part of the law. On the contrary, the laws incriminate their activities and hence deny them their righ ts. Presently, the group is represented by organizations that are concerned with their rights (Beitz 2009, p.1-5). In the United Kingdom, the discrimination is based on several aspects. This includes discrimination of basic amenities such as housing and access to medical facilities. They are also discriminated on employment opportunities and recruitment on the same. However, the society has changed its attitude on the group over time. Consequently, the law has also been adjusted to accommodate the rights of these individuals. The rights of these groups depend entirely on the ruling of the court, which is guided by the constitution of the state in its ruling (Beitz 2009, p.1-5). Therefore, the organizations that are directly engaged with LGBT have a lot of faith in the law of the land. They understand that the law is a key driver of social change in every country. The ultimate achievement of the rights of the group depends heavily on the interpretation of the constitution. Some of th e decisions made by the courts that are based on the constitution have heavily influenced the change of rights and achievement of equality of the LGBT. In this study, I look into the depths of discrimination in the United Kingdom, with a specials focus on the rights of LGBT.

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Psychology - Essay Example Behaviorism Strength- the learner targets a clear goal and is very familiar with the goals’ requirements. Weakness- the learners may occasionally not find the right stimulus for the right response. Answers for question # 2 Sapir-Whorf’s linguistic relativity hypothesis proposes that â€Å"the particular language we speak influences the way we think about reality† (Dennis & John, 2008). This hypothesis, however, has met a lot of critics from other psychologists. For example, Carol suggested that this hypothesis still needs much attention as there are controversies that still surround it. She stated, â€Å"Perhaps it is the suggestion that all one’s life one has been tricked, all unaware, by the structure of the language into a certain way of perceiving reality† (Dennis & John, 2008). The essence of her statement is that, when people grow up and begin realizing reality from their own experiences, they may start disputing what their languages initially taught them. Answers for question # 3 Crystallized intelligence this is the capacity to utilize knowledge, experience and skills. It should not be likened to knowledge or memory as it does not depend on finding information from long-term memory. Fluid intelligence also called fluid reasoning is the ability to solve problems and think logically in every situation irrespective of the acquired knowledge. It includes both the deductive and inductive reasoning. It involves application of the best logics in solving problems. Answers for question # 4 Both the aptitude and achievement tests determine a learner’s general performance over a wide range of mental capabilities. However, the amplitude test further measure specialized abilities including numerical and verbal skills to guess the student’s earlier academic performance in educational programs. Achievement tests are closely associated with the current achievements on specific school subjects. Answers for question # 5 Th e validity of a standardized test is its usefulness and accuracy. Reliability of a standardized test on the other side is the capacity of the standardized test to give consistence results. Both the parameters are used by psychologists to effectively measure what they are testing. It is important to note that validity depends on reliability i.e. validity is not applicable without reliability. Answers for question # 6 Mental retardation refers to an individual’s current level of functioning. The primary levels of mental retardation that psychologists use to classify people include limitation in adaptive behavior and limitation in intelligence. Accurate diagnosis involves three components; origins of disability before 18 years of age, determinations of adaptive behavior shortfalls, and IQ score of about � or below. Answers for question # 7 Intellectually gifted people are more efficient at leaning new ideas and performing activities more than normally intelligent individuals. The success of an individual in life based on the IQ score is relative in, that intellectually gifted people have to exercise their gifts effectively to achieve success in life. But generally, intellectually gifted people have been observed to come up with new ideas, discoveries and developments that have made them more successful in life than the normally intellectual individuals. Answers for que

Markting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Markting - Essay Example The trend for such devices has become so in demand that companies are quick to develop products that will suit what the consumers are looking for in accordance with what is the latest that mobile companies have to offer. Gone are the days when colored-resolution cell phones and camera integrated phones already render people in awe. It is apparent that the popularity of smartphones is taking over the direction of where mobile communication is heading. This technology is getting more and more sophisticated over a short period of time and Nokia must move faster than it ever has before just to be able to catch up. Without a doubt Apple’s iPhone has become the trendsetter in the market for smart-phones. The more recent release of the iPhone4S, though not really an entirely new technology, has gained further success to establish its mark as the formidable standard in the market. With all of the accolades and the brand loyalty that Apple has gained, Nokia has been left behind over th e past few years that they seem to have just woken up only to find they are gasping for air. As founder of research firm Column Ideas Keith Woolcock puts it, â€Å"Nokia has spent the last 10 years facing the wrong way in a fast-moving market† (as cited by Faris, par.7). Drastic times call for drastic measures and to address the predicament it has found itself in, Nokia finds solution by instating a new CEO in Stephen Elop. The market for smartphones is equivalent to the new generation of mobile device consumers which is anchored upon a multidimensional product that is no longer delineated to mere calls and texting functions. These smartphones offer a lot more and its trouble-free connectivity to social internet media has only made it more appealing. From being the top brand for cellular phones, Nokia has dwindled into the background. A study by the International Data Corporation found that Nokia is now trailing behind Samsung and Apple in sales of smartphones. In the United States, Apple’s iPhone continues to dominate as the bestselling smartphone but Samsung takes the lead in global sales in the first quarter of 2012 with a total of 42.2 million units shipped against Apple’s 35.1 million and Nokia’s 11.9 million. While Apple’s numbers shot up by 88.7&, Nokia took a massive blow as it plummeted by more than 50% (Peckham, par.2). SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Nokia remains to be a global brand It has the resources to launch multiple products simultaneously The forged partnership with Windows gives it a new gateway to resource apps which makes smartphones popular Elop, as new CEO, provides for a fresh perspective to the company Nokia is yet to be identified for smartphones Despite the funding given to product research, they had been lacklustre or downright unsuccessful Some remain apprehensive with Elop as CEO which shows with investors backing out and a walk off by employees in Finland (Faris, par.4). Opportunities Threa ts Android has virtually no other close competitor out in the market for consumers to choose from The partnership with Windows may create enthusiasm for a different kind of smartphones New management translates to new direction for invigorated brand perception The brand appeals to a wider range of consumers which include middle range and even upscale clients Other mobile device companies have already saturated the market while Nokia is yet to be associated with smartphones Consumer acceptance of the new series is considerably slow The Windows operated models are only

Creative Art and Fine Art Essay Example for Free

Creative Art and Fine Art Essay By a broad definition of art,[9] artistic works have existed for almost as long as humankind: from early pre-historic art to contemporary art; however, some theories restrict the concept to modern Western societies. [10] The first and broadest sense of art is the one that has remained closest to the older Latin meaning, which roughly translates to skill or craft. A few examples where this meaning proves very broad include artifact, artificial, artifice, medical arts, and military arts. However, there are many other colloquial uses of the word, all with some relation to its etymology. The second and more recent sense of the word art is as an abbreviation for creative art or fine art and emerged in the early 17th century. [13] Fine art means that a skill is being used to express the artists creativity, or to engage the audiences aesthetic sensibilities, or to draw the audience towards consideration of the finer things. The word art can refer to several things: a study of creative skill, a process of using the creative skill, a product of the creative skill, or the audiences experience with the creative skill. The creative arts (art as discipline) are a collection of disciplines that produce artworks (art as objects) that are compelled by a personal drive (art as activity) and convey a message, mood, or symbolism for the viewer to interpret (art as experience). Art is something that stimulates an individuals thoughts, emotions, beliefs, or ideas through the senses. Artworks can be explicitly made for this purpose or interpreted on the basis of images or objects. Although the application of scientific knowledge to derive a new scientific theory involves skill and results in the creation of something new, this represents science only and is not categorized as art. Often, if the skill is being used in a common or practical way, people will consider it a craft instead of art. Likewise, if the skill is being used in a commercial or industrial way, it may be considered commercial art instead of fine art. On the other hand, crafts and design are sometimes considered applied art. Some art followers have argued that the difference between fine art and applied art has more to do with value judgments made about the art than any clear definitional difference. [14] However, even fine art often has goals beyond pure creativity and self-expression. The purpose of works of art may be to communicate ideas, such as in politically, spiritually, or philosophically motivated art; to create a sense of beauty (seeaesthetics); to explore the nature of perception; for pleasure; or to generate strong emotions. The purpose may also be seemingly nonexistent. Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they are usually not for a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature, and other media such as interactive media are included in a broader definition of art or the arts. [1] Creative arts is a subject of study for a number of universities, including those that offer a degree of Bachelor of Creative Arts. [1] Areas of study include dramaturgy, music, graphic arts/cartooning, performing arts, film, publishing, galleries, museums, and the visual arts.

Types Of Business Organization In The Private Sector Economics Essay

Types Of Business Organization In The Private Sector Economics Essay Consist of privately owned business firm or organization, which are formed when entrepreneurs decide to form a firm for the purpose of producing goods and services. Although the entrepreneur (assuming one person) is the owner is not the same entity. The firm (i.e. company or business organization) has its own legal identity that is separate from its owner or owners. The firm actually is an artificial person, and can make contracts, sue and sued, besides owning property and hiring employees; this legal identity is acquired when the firm becomes an incorporated association. The firm may have only one owner (sole proprietorship) or many owners (e.g. unlimited number of shareholders owning a public limited/ listed company), Sole Trader or Sole Proprietorship It is a form business organization in which a person simply sets up to provide goods or services at a profit. In a proprietorship, the proprietor, or owner, is the firm. The assets and liabilities of the firm are the owners assets and liabilities without limit. Business is one where a single individual uses his own funds to start and operate the business. As such, he is entitled to all the profits generated by the business, while at the same time is also responsible for all the losses that may occurs. The Sole Trader is often responsible for the day-to-day management of the business. No legal obligation to be made available to the public(i.e. publish) the financial accounts of a sole trading business is not incorporated business entity and as such the owner is liable for all debts of the sole proprietorship. Example: Sole Trader Business are: hairdressers storekeepers plumbers electricians PC technicians News agent Neighborhood and groceries etc. Partnership Partnership is unincorporated associations whose membership may range from two to twenty members. Partnerships do not have a separate legal entity. All partners provide the necessary finances for the business and will enjoy both profits and losses in agreed percentages, depending on the contribution of each individual into the partnership. Partnerships have unlimited liability and each partner is jointly liable with the other members for any debt incurred by the business. A partnership agreement is usually drawn up by a lawyer ( or legal council), which details the contribution of each part( in cash or in kind), the role and responsibilities of each partner, conditions under which the partnership may be terminated, distribution or compensation in the event of withdrawal of one partner ( termination of partnership) and options for handling intra-partner disputes. Personal names or trade names can be used as business names, and the Application of Business Name form must be filled in before a business can be registered. 4.) Private Limited Companies Private Limited Company:  Private limited companies are small- to medium-sized businesses that are often run by a  family or small group of owners. Most unlimited companies range from being small and medium sized. Most of the time they are run by family members and closed friends. Usually refers to privately owned firms and organizations with limited liabilities. Private Limited Companies are those shares (to represent shares/ percentage of ownership) held privately by individuals who are usually family members or a small group of acquaintances. The general public cannot subscribe (buy) shares in private companies through the open market (i.e. Stock Exchange). Private Limited Companies is restricted t by law and by the companys rules. In contrast anyone may buy shares in a public limited company. Can be found in most countries, although the detailed rules governing them vary widely. It is also common for a distinction to be made between the publicly tradable companies. A company that does not have share capital, but is guaranteed by its    members who agree to pay a fixed amount in the event of the companys liquidation. Charitable organizations often incorporate using this form of limited liability. Private Limited Companies is flexible form of enterprises that blends elements of partnership and corporate structures. The firm of organizations must work a legal framework which governs what they can or cannot do. The law requires for any new limited liability company to provide two documents: Articles of Association provide details on the internal rules of the company. Although the nature of association between members may vary, the Articles of Association must always contains information; the nominal capital when / how shareholders meeting are to be conducted. Voting rights of the shareholders. name of directors. how the directors are appointed. extent and nature of directors authority. how profits and losses will be distributed. Memorandum of Association provides details on the external rules and relations of the company by defining the constitution and authority of the company. Memorandum must always contain the: company name (must include the words limited). address of the registered office. statement of companys aims( must be legal proper). scope of its activities. amount of capital the company wants to raise. statement that the shareholders liability is limited. Private Corporations Companies registered under the Companies Act and Incorporation most common method that firms used to establish themselves a s a separate legal entity, i.e. only incorporated companies have a separate legal identity. 5.) Public Limited Companies Public Limited Company:  Most unlimited companies range from being small and medium sized. Most of the time they are run by family members and closed friends .They are only liable for the business up to the amount they have invested in the company, and are not liable for the debts incurred by the company unless signing a personal guarantee. And those that are listed on the Stock Exchange and members of the general public can but and sell shares of such companies. Owners of shares (shareholders) in such companies are true owner of the business. Whose operations involves many different business sectors ( e.g. several sectors health care, construction, property development, plantation, manufacturing, tourism, education,etc.) become a conglomerate and if such operation/subsidiaries are located in many different countries, then they become Multi National Companies. As their names implied means that the personal liability of the owners (shareholders) is restricted to the amount of money the individuals owner has invested into the company. 6.) Unlimited Companies Unlimited Companies Unlimited Company is where there is no limit to the members liabilities. It is a hybrid company incorporated either with or without a share capital (and similar to its limited company counterpart) but where the liability of the members or shareholders is not limited that is, its members or shareholders have a joint, several and unlimited obligation to meet any insufficiency in the assets of the company in the event of the companys formal liquidation. Companies that do not have any restriction on the personal liability of the owner. In the even of company making loss, then the owners will be liable for all debts. This may hence require them to sell off their private property and/ or possessions (house, land, cars, furniture, jewelry, etc.) to repay their portion of the debt. A corporation structure that permits a company to be incorporated and flew all profits and losses to share holders, an unlimited company shelters shareholders from liability in most circumstances except upon liquidation of the company. Shareholders or past shareholders that despots of their shares less than one year before liquidation become liable for the debts of the company. 7.) Multinational Companies Multinational Companies is essentially a holding company that owns shares in many subsidiary companies located in many different countries. Each subsidiary companies within the holding company will be subjected to the company law of the host country in which the subsidiary is located. They are usually connected by share ownership as well as managerial control. Examples of multinational includes: Shell, Citibank, Siemens, Nestle, IBM, Philips, etc. Multinational companies providing overseas subsidiaries, access turnover (Net Sales), produce of world output. Suppliers and the leading company in the wholesale distribution market and service industry. Do bring some benefits to developing countries. They provide jobs and increase the wealth of local people. Country gains some wealth by way taxes. However, there is some problem as well. The jobs all often low- skilled and poorly paid. Much of profit will go out the country, and the company may pull out to relocate in a country, where it can make greater profits. Primarily interested in making profits for their shareholders. Paying wages is an expense that the company will try to reduce to as low a level as possible. 8.) Conglomerates A holding company, which owns substantial shareholding in companies (subsidiaries), involved in different sectors.   Like examples sun way groups: civil engineering construction, building materials, trading manufacturing. Conglomerates are strictly diversified business interest in producing a varied and wide range of different products. And it is a corporation whose multiple business units operate in different, often unrelated, areas, management umbrella. In some, but not all, cases, the formerly independent elements conglomerates retain their brand identities, though they are responsible to the conglomerates management. . In reality, conglomerates are very useful to the public because support for the agricultural, manufacturing, and industrial and or services. For examples, the Rank organization own subsidiary companies trading. Question 1 Economic Growth is an increase of capital gross domestic of per capital product (GDP) other measure of aggregate income, typically reported as the annual rate of change in real G.D.P. Economics Growth driven by improvement in productivity , involve producing more goods and services with the same input of labor, capital, energy and materials. ( Mankiw 2007).Economist draw a distinction between economics stabilization and long term economics growth. Economics Growth is primarily concerned with long-run, short -run variation of economics growth is termed the business cycle. Economics Growth also occurs when a society acquires or when society learns to produce more with existing resources. New resources may mean a larger labor force or increased capital stocks. The production and use of new machinery and equipment (capital) increases the productivity of workers. Improved productivity also comes from technological change and innovation. Inflation is the increase in the general level of prices of product and services over a specified period of time. Inflation rate can be estimated by measuring the percentage change in the consumer price index, which indicates the price on wide variety of consumer products such as grocery product, housing, gasoline, medical services and electricity. Inflation can effect a firms operating expenses from producing products by increasing the cost of supplies and materials, wages can also be affected by inflation. A higher level of inflation will case a higher increase in a firms operating expenses. A firms revenue may also be high during periods of high inflation because may firm change higher price to compensate for higher expenses.( N. Gregory Mankiw 2007) Productivity is a measure of output from production process, per unit of input, like labor productivity typically also measured as a ratio of output an input. And also conserve of as a metric of the technical or engineering efficiency of production. In nations where workers are less productive, most people endure a more meager existence. Similarly, growth rate of a nations productivity determines the growth rate of its of average income. Productivity the average labor or output of a single worker is important to determine the standard of living. Most country facing a slow economics growth is: Former China, Greece and some Eastern Europe countries. Economic problems of every country are: Price Stability One of the key economics growth is to ensure that the price levels within the country is maintained with minimal fluctuations. Fluctuating price levels will create uncertainty, causing a wait- and see attitude among: consumers, who are ensure of buying now or to wait for the price to fall. Instead of falling, price levels may increase and consumers may then be force to forego consumption. firms, who are unsure of investing now since it is possible for the price of capital goods to also fall in the near future. Again, the price level may rise instead of falling thus causing firm to postpone investment since the cost is now higher than expected. Buying or investing at the wrong time may therefore create frustration and dissatisfaction among consumers and firms. On the other hand, continues increase in price levels although more consistent (i.e. everyone is expecting the price to increase) will lead to inflation and its related problems will then surface. Economics Growth faster than Population Growth Economics growth slow needed to spur the people and to improve their standard of living, which is determined by the ratio between economic growth over population growth. If a countrys population grows faster than its economy, then there will be a decline in living standards and this will lead to many social and other economic problems. The same amount of wealth is now distributed over more people, hence everyone gets lesser than before. Standard of living will also decline if the economic growth is slower than the rate of inflation. This means that the people will need to pay more for a similar basket (combination) of goods and services. Therefore, people with fixed incomes can buy lesser (or enjoy a smaller basket of goods and services) as inflation continues. c) Low Unemployment of Resources This is important to ensure that available resources (especially labor) are fully employed to produce more goods and service. When labor, land and capital are fully employed, more income will be earned (i.e. wages, rental and interest) resulting in higher expenditures among the owners of the factors of production (labor, land and capital respectively). Excess production may also be exported to other countries to earn foreign exchange, making a country economically stronger, in relation to the rest of the world. Countries with high unemployment will tend to have more economic and social problems, such as the following: higher crime rates and corruption activities (since people may resort to illegal means to get more money). health problems and malnutrition (since some people will not eat enough to eat or to have proper diets). D) Equitable Distribution of Income and Wealth It is important for a country to have a fair distribution of income and wealth among its people. The gap between the rich and poor must not be too great. The government must therefore practice an equitable resource allocation system deciding: what to produce? how much to product? for whom to product? Disparity in wealth ownership and distribution will also create various and economics problems. This problem results in low demand for products and services which can reduce a firms revenue. Even the firms that provide basic products or services are adversely affected by a slow economic because customers tend to reduce their demand. The potential impact of slow economic growth is reflected some company expect to experience significant fluctuations in future performance due to general economics growth. When economics is negative for two consecutive quarters, the period is referred to as a recession. When Europe is weak. Worker as laid off by firms and therefore have money that they can used to buy product or services. If economics growth slows the impact economic condition can spread quickly across all business. When condition weak some businesses are more affected more other than others. Nevertheless, most business are adversely affected by economic condition because the demand for product in almost all industrial declined( Markin 2007). Conclusion Introduction to Business is a subject in which a little knowledge goes a long way. By now i realize that all countries in the world have a government entrusted with the responsibility to achieve. Economics goals such as attaining price stability, economic growth, low unemployment and equitable distribution of income and wealth. Government today practice mixed economics system as it attempt to solve the economics problem that resulted from their inability to achieve the desire economics goals. Therefore capitalistic in nature with different degree of government intervention. As such, all countries have both a public sector and private sector.

Marketing orientation of nike

Marketing orientation of nike Marketing is the management process that identifies, anticipates and satisfies customer requirements profitably  [1]   In details of this definition, marketing is a management process where all the activities and tasks are coordinated and performed by both individuals and equipment. By identifying a group of customers their needs, interests and helps them to get goods in a reasonable price with good quality. Not only these, expecting them for the next time and which will make business profitable. The definition provided by the Philip Kotler is- Marketing is the social process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others  [2]   In this definition Kotler said, marketing is a social process means by researching market identify the consumers how they behave and attitude, consider and think about a product; how a particular product is good enough to satisfy buyer wants and needs; also how it is well enough to feel them grater to make and exchange with good value for the product. From my own definition- Marketing is a managerial and social process where organisation performs or does activities to ensure and identify customer needs and wants are fulfilled, satisfying them by creating products or services with the exchange of value through ensuring the profitability for the organisation. 1. B Marketing Orientation The meaning of marketing concept for an organisation is that, they are aimed all of it efforts to keep closer themselves to the customers for satisfying them by the services or products around the needs and wants and stay always a step ahead from their competitors. Basically the major objective is for the organisation to create a centre of attention of their products to the customers.  [3]   Basically marketing orientation is an approach to business that centres its activities to satisfy the needs and wants of its customers. Marketing orientation is really a good range of activities where it is necessary to make sure that all the marketing researches are about to invent the customer needs and requirements. The marketing orientation concept is based on the following three pillars- Nike are strongly customer-focused, heavily committed and give the superior value for customers. These company shares an absolute dedication to sensing, serving and satisfying the needs of customers in well-defined target markets. They motivate everyone in the organization to deliver high quality and superior value for their customers, leading to high levels of customer satisfaction. These organizations know that if they take care of their customers, market share and profits will follow.  [4]   1. C Selling vs. Marketing concept and which one best describes for Nike Selling orientation is a kind of marketing activities where business tries to influence or persuade customers to buy their product or service. It sees its work as getting the interest of potential customers for their existing products and services Marketing orientation is another part of marketing activities where the company first target a market, then try to discover customer needs and wants, besides some coordinating activities to convince consumers like pricing, design, communication, appropriate delivery, competitive and profitable goods and services. Nike is a market oriented organisation because- Nike has well understanding of its target consumers to construct a greater value for them. Has a good capability to adopt the taste of consumers by time to time. Does research on the competitors to see what strategies are they use to meet the customers need. Has good marketing plans and delivered the promise that they made with customers to give them high quality, appropriate features, design, styles and categories, right price products with availability. By satisfying the consumers needs/wants Nike getting well published in the market place and achieving its objective by making profit. 1. D Implementation of the marketing concept The benefits are: Knowing and understanding the changing needs, wants and desires of athletes and customers to create new innovative products. Look forward to market changes and take action very firstly to those changes. Strong brand image with consistently increase the number of people satisfied. Improve stakeholder benefits and maintain strong share values. Leading the market with advance thought and technology.(Nike+, Nike Free) Market research gives a huge priority of product acceptability.( packaging and attractive fashionable design) Sponsoring various celebrity sports personalities and certified teams who are used to get concentration of customers on Nike products. Easily manage the criticism. Powerful advertising of Nike products are creating better market for the company. The continuous improvement of the companys core competence. The costs of adopting the marketing concept are: Heavy investment in the marketing research and product development.(NSRL) High costs of employing the best people in their specialist areas. Using world best players for advertising products. Sponsoring different celebrities and professional teams in time basis. Huge investment on product advertisement before launching in the market. Different promotional costs TV advert, sales promotion and public relation. Distribution costs serving product in different channels. Communication costs- dealing differently with a range of different market segments. Heavy cost of maintaining large and expensive website. Task-2 2. A Macro and micro environmental factor Macro Environmental factor: Micro environmental factor is an external factor that influences the company externally. Social factor Nike brand and its slogan just do it is very well known to people. Consciousness of people about dieting and fitness. Consumers are changing themselves from sports to fashion oriented. Promotional advertising to get more young customers where internet is using as a primary source of information. Sponsoring sporting events and clinics to make good social image. Motivating womens, young consumers for leisure activities. Technological factor: Effective use of IT in the section of marketing information system in every aspect of products from development to distribution. It has advance technology to develop and research their product. Has a great propensity to take on new technology for the product. Heavy design and shape of athletic footwear. Nike has NSRL (Nike Sports Research Laboratory) which is offer new ways to improve existing products. Micro environmental factor: Profit margin for Nike 5 years average: 46.8% (Gross Margin) 9.3% (Net Margin) Structure- Nike has a matrix structure and there geographical structure consists of with NAFTA (USA, Canada, and Mexico), EU, EMEA and Asia Pacific. Technological development- For developing and executing idea Nike has APE, NSRL and it also has tax expert economists which focus in the reduction of future costs. HRM- Orthopedic Experts, Rubber Technologists, Production Engineers who are Involved to find out the right people and product for the company. Procurement- Nike buys its raw materials in bulk size, use labors and other services in the same countries where manufacturing takes place. Inbound Logistics China, Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand. Operations Operating their business in more than 160 countries where most of the production is occurred in China, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Turkey, Sri Lanka, India, Cambodia, Taiwan, Mexico and Israel. Outbound Logistics They sell their product to the retailers, via internet and with 700 contract shops in the whole world. Sales Marketing Secret Tournament campaign approach- TV internet ads, retails, consumers events, public relations.  [5]   6 Value Chain Analysis 2. B Segmentation criteria Geographic Segmentation Geographic segmentation is about dividing the market within diverse geographical part for example- in cities, town, nations, countries and regions. Nike footwear is really famous in the part of EU, EMEA and Asia Pacific currently. The objective is to sell this product in those continents where some particular sports is most popular. For example, football, basketball, rugby is widely popular in Europe now-a-days. It is not much popular in south Asia so basically its footwear is advertised more generally in Europe. (Nike, 2009). Demographic segmentation Demographic segmentation divides on age, gender, race, occupation, income, nationality, family size and also on the level of education. Relating to age and income, they target peoples in variety age from young person to middle-aged adults and the income series is basically from middle to upper class. By depends on race and gender it has broadly expanded itself nationally. They do advertise for both men and women for every single race and nationality. Nike really doesnt show off themselves with families but identify with teams. Teams of different sports in the world are targeted by Nike. It also did run ad campaign called stay in school in 1991. Psychographic Segmentation Psychographic segmentation gives a picture about social class, standards, characteristics, and the life style- opinions, beliefs, interests and values of customers. Nike uses athlete where it influences consumer to be interested on their shoes and footwear. Nike promotes a positive and confident attitude, target always those kinds of people. 2. C Target market Young generation (bachelor stage) between 18-30 years old. Because they want to themselves appear to others to be fit, healthy and athletic Because at this stage of age young people prepare themselves to enter into the job market. They are the generation X, they like fashion, sports. Nike uses their sports celebrity to advertise footwear which is fashionable and that make influences them to buy footwear. just do it, write the future are some of slogan that make these X generation very aggressive to do anything good and make the future bright. People between 30-50 years old, middle-high income social class. These people have already been achieved a bit in his/her life and they are now away from the crisis of economy. They have made their status, position in the society, wants to lead life gorgeously with prestige product like Nike. People can show of their status and ability of leading healthy life. Nike advertises its products by using different ways and it targets a particular groups or types of people by ads. Nike targeted men in a way that appeals to masculine values and to women with appeals to their values. Women today want equality with men, to be seen as just as able bodied and finally, both genders will buy Nike because its expensive and shows that they have the money to buy Nike, just as people buy Mercedes cars when a Fiat does the same job. 2. D Buyer behaviour in marketing activities I am going to mention some marketing activities that should follow Nike to take part on buyer behaviour: Psychological forces Motivation- Nike is a top brand with high quality design, style, price and lasting warranty which motivate people to buy Nike. Perception- World reputation, brand image, high features and quality. Personality- to show off to their friends and neighbours that they are fit, healthy athletic types and able to afford Nikes products. Social groups Culture- produce different design product based on the culture. Subculture- example-Air Jordan shoes specifically makes for basket ball game, popular in North America- USA, Canada. Social class- middle and upper classes. Reference group- Popular celebrities, teams and clubs Nike adopt to convince consumer to buy their footwear. Family- Parents want to see their children are athletes, well fitted and healthy which influence them to buy Nike. Situational Factors World brand and fashionable products. 700 contract shops all over the world where buyer can buy. (Over 18000 shops in USA) To show off people the status and ability to buy Nike. New innovative, fashionable, unique design and attractive footwear make interest and desire of consumers to buy Nike. Nike their information search leaves a buyer with possible alternatives, the evoked set. Nike has different features; design footwears which are specially different and suitable for particular work. (Football, soccer, running, skateboarding, cycling etc.). If the consumers are not satisfied on the previous product then they can try new any other model. Nike has so many stores, different products/models, well packaging system and many convenient ways for consumer to buy. Nike is such kind of brand which is persuading consumer decisions to purchase a Nike product with risk free. Good product, consumer feels superior with their whole satisfactory and tells someone about their satisfaction. Information search Internal search, memory. Providing ample information on Nike official site, internet, You Tube, in stores, on TV, radio, newspaper, magazine and public sources about the product. Task-3 3. A. Competitive Advantages Nike, at the present time ahead from their competitors by achieving some competitive advantages through their products. Nike has cost effective management information system(MIS) and many management layer that helps to reduce the overall product cost.  [7]   Continuous training and development program increase the efficiency of workers. By using advance technology and modern machineries they can produce product in a short time with low cost. They find out lowest price of raw materials and use cheap labour from under developing countries. Setting up business near to the suppliers. Huge scale of operation all over the world and where by finding place they minimize manufacturing costs. Selling product in low price where many competitors are visible. Using cheap transport carriers for product. Huge scale of advertising in those countries them running their business. Brand name, equity, image, recognition and world reputation. Using popular athletes for advertising and recommending their products. Trade mark -just do it, write the future and patents. New product development. Giving chance customer to customize footwear in their own style through online. Strong and genius RD, HRM. These are the sustainable competitive advantages that keeping ahead Nike at top position of the market and helping them to take proper advantages from their competitors and achieving the loyalty from the customers. 3. B. Distribution Strategy In fiscal 2009, Nike produced 100% of their footwear in china, Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand and they distributed this footwear in their own countries as well as USA+ EMEA and Asia Pacific regions. Nike distributes their footwear to the retailers or whole sellers from straight to the factory or distribution centre all over the world through their own websites, direct mail or over the phone. In the distribution centre they inventory all their footwear and deliver them to different place in the world. Nike also uses agents, sales representative to distribute their product. So, in order to increase sales Nike has tried to wide their distribution channels. Not only this, Nike has used internet to distribute product by using virtual stores. They use containers and ships to deliver their product. Apart from, Nike uses future order program which help them to produce the product on time with lean production method and also help them to deliver just in time. Nike gives a good amount of redu ction on their product if resellers buy in a bulk size. Nike can take those steps in below to improve their distribution strategy. Need to build more small and large distribution centre to make product available. Need another centre in a particular area in case of fire or large number of small centres to spread risks. Back up IT system. Using very modern technology to produce, distribute and provide greater convenience and information. To constraint of time and space disappear should use online retailing. Using door to door service system. Cutting down production cost. Depending on the consumer behaviour, Nike should focus on the price instead of brand. 3.C. Pricing A full understanding of production costs, profit objectives, customers, competition, and other market information will help to determine the pricing strategy that best fits for Nike. With this information, the minimum price Nike can charge to break even and the highest price based on an estimate of customer demand. Here I am giving a demand curves for Nike that will help them to make price depends on the market demand. Price( £) Quantity Demanded Total Revenue 50 1000 50000 100 800 80000 150 400 60000 200 300 60000 First of all, Nike works out on diverse factors like market share, opposition, product uniqueness and perceived value of the product. In certain segments they are charging unique prices cause of quality product. They use the premium pricing strategy-fixed price, where they are enabling by the product to maintain its standard in the market. Nike has uniqueness that gives themselves extra value to the consumer. Nike is a prestige product which is highly demanded, where people shows their ability of buying Nike shoes. The image they made to the consumer about their brand which is influenced them to pay high price. If Nike wants then they can apply value base pricing strategy in certain segments. Sales Innovations Early adaptor early majority late majority laggards 2.5% 13% 31% 35% 18.5% High price less expensive good demand well demand not much expensive Then before good price better price  £70  £65  £60  £50  £40 Consumers (100%) Here, Nike charged high price at the beginning and skimming the profit from the market which is helping them to achieve their objectives. They do huge advertisement to make the price acceptable to the consumers and persuade consumers to buy premium product. 3D. Promotional strategy Nike has great marketing communication techniques with high quality products and loyal consumers which helps them to keep stay in the top position from a long time. By doing campaign about the ability of men, women with new fashion, using famous celebrates athletes and teams for advertising which are such outstanding steps they have taken to keep good communication between them and consumers. They have signed top athletes from different background of sports like soccer- Ronaldho, Ronaldinho, basket ball- Michael Jordan, tennis- Rafael Nadal , golf- Tiger Woods, cycling and some of the other sports. Not only these they sponsor local college students also. Nike uses new geographical area to promote their new product. Advertising on the TV- write the future, just do it contains slogan, internet- YouTube and other sites, broadcast which helps them to break the geographical barriers and increase the ability to reach people on the other part of the world. Sponsoring in different social activities where people or players wear Nike logo contains dresses; sales promotions like discounts, coupons and to keep good relation with the public they release their own press and magazine and take part on the events. Apart from, different tactics they use in advertising on TV which diverts consumer to visit internet to Nike website to see the finial ends. All those things are integrated Nike to meet its specific objectives in an efficient way. The objectives are included- new customers, new geographical areas, retaining the regular customers and bringing back the lapsed customers. Task-4 4. A. Marketing mix Nike is mainly footwear company but they also produce other apparels and stuffs as well. So for this section my choice is Nike footwear. The two marketing mixes that I have chosen for Nike they are- Sponsoring events Exhibitions or Fashion shows Sponsoring events- Nike might sponsors different community events like as local sports team, by doing music concerts or sports quiz in the city centre, school sports days, boys scouts and girls guide events or local community events for kids to show off their products while advertising the events as Sponsored by Nike. They could contribute some money there to make those events great to the people. Here, Nike aimed to target local communities and familiar themselves with Nike footwear, to make feel people price is not always a matter where brand, quality is visible and Nike is always with them in everywhere. Not only that, by doing this they can do some free publicity, can bring the attention and also can get opinions from different people. Fashion shows- Here, I am suggesting Nike to arrange 250-400 Nike fashion shows in posh restaurants to show and sell their fashions to the kind of people who can afford them. The restaurant wouldnt charge for entrance because it would bring them loads of new people who had never been there before and they could sell food and refreshments. But Nike could charge a small entrance fee and give the money to a sports charity thereby getting extra free publicity. Nike would of course advertise these fashion shows in banners or newspapers or in the posters. By doing these Nike can target richer class of people and can make influence to buy Nike prestige footwear to show their personality, ability to buy such brand and expensive footwear like Nike. 4.B. Marketing excellence is a key success factor in virtually any industry or company focused on consumer products or services. Defining what marketing excellence really means and how to mobilize the organization to achieve that goal, however, can be extremely challenging. Marketing products and services to organization has some good differences between them. For organization, marketing products are those activities that is related with products and a company does those activities until sell product to the end users. For Nike, they buy their raw materials from different manufacturer in a bulk size. For example they produced shoes, in the perspective of organization they need to count its ownership for the product which includes with product delivery costs, holding costs in stock and other costs like research and development etc. Not on these, they think about the quality as well. On this section organization buy product in bulk size in a very cheap price which is necessary. If unnecessary things bought by company which might affect the whole company in financially. On the other hand, marketing services are those work that company does to sell its product to actual consumer. On here, organization try to find out the way which will be useful to get/attract more consumers where it is imperceptible for marketing products. This is a common divergence between marketing a product and service. Here, organization puts lots of attempt to make desirability of its consumer. 4.C. In shortly, international marketing is a kind of marketing where a company setup his business in different foreign environment, consumer, laws and regulations. On the other hand, domestic marketing is all about running the business in the local/domestic market. In the aspect of Nike, there has many differences between those two markets. Cultural differences- Diverse and multicultural people who has different religion, taste, fashion, ideology and living standard. Different from social, economical, political and methods of doing business. Suppose Nike in China is completely different form Nike USA from the policies and ways of doing business. Market- Wide market with a number of competitors, challenges, risks, complexities and expensive. Different currencies which can varies time to time. The rate of customs duty, VAT or sales tax charged on the product. Changes to the products because of standards, voltages or average sizes of the population. Different language- Due to a language barrier it is more difficult to obtain and understand research data in international marketing. Promotional messages need to consider dozens of cultural differences between different countries. For example, for advertisement Nike uses different athletes depends on the country. By considering the differences in languages, expressions, habits, gestures, ideologies Nike develops their promotional messages. Those are some of the areas that makes difference between the international and domestic market for Nike.

Reference to a Proposed Production of a play All My Sons :: All My Sons Plays Drama Theatre Essays

Reference to a Proposed Production of a play All My Sons Dear Mr Smith, I am writing to you with reference to your proposed production of my play 'All My Sons'. I, like most authors, have standards and expectations for productions of my writing, which is why I have decided to write to you and inform you of some criteria that might help you in the production of 'All My Sons'. In the 1920's after the First World War, many countries were bankrupt because of the amount of money they had invested into the war. The USA came to their rescue by loaning them vast amounts of money to pay off debts. In 1929, share prices fell and so the USA called back for the loans that they had lent but the countries were still in debt. Many Americans tried to take their money out of the banks but the banks hadn't any money to give to customers. This contributed to the Great Depression, which made a massive increase in unemployment. One of the people who became unemployed was my father, a coat manufacturer. This was the initial inspiration of writing 'All My Sons'. Another reason that inspired me to write 'All My Sons', was the way that events during the Second World War were making Americans live and treat each other differently. I experienced the wave of patriotism and I also saw how fellow Americans were exploiting the war and making profit from other's suffering. By writing this play, I felt that citizens of the world would finally be able to see an image of the real American Middle Class character, reflecting their self-interest. In 'All My Sons', Keller talks about "little men" when describing Steve Deever. This is ironic because Keller himself is a little man. "Little men" are people that always compete with each other so that they would be better than the next person, they don't really think about what they are doing as long as they are successful. When something bad happens, the "little men" don't have the courage to own up to the big men. "Little men" are a problem in today's society, as they don't care to have responsibility over their actions even when the problems could be sorted out simply (Keller could have told Steve not to give the parts to the army and then death wouldn't be the result. The audience can now see Keller in two different ways. To some people Keller may seem selfish and irresponsible and too others Keller may be loving and hard working. Keller's two sides are all at the expense of other people and cause their suffering such as Steve and the airman.

Across Five Aprils By Irene Hunt :: essays research papers

Across Five Aprils By Irene Hunt Across Five April's by Irene Hunt is about how the civil war tears apart a family during the hard times of the civil war. There were 239 pages it this story. The book follows the life of Jethro Creighton, a young farm boy in rural Illinois as he grows from a protected and provided for nine year old, to a educated and respectable young adult during the chaos of the civil war. In the beginning of the book Jethro has an incorrect idea of what war is like. Jethro knows little about war except that of what he has heard from old war heroes tales. His brothers get packed away one by one to different sides of the war. Not until then does he realize through conversation at home and haunting letters from his brothers on the battle field, the true horror of war. One brother (whom is only really an orphaned cousin) is a deserter. Jethro writes to Abraham Lincoln in a effort to keep his brother and family out of trouble with the law. Another one of Jethro's brothers joins the confederacy which goes against all opinions and beliefs formed by the Creighton family and surrounding community. At first the Creightons disagree but they come to a decision and decide to respect and accept his choice of beliefs . This causes an upset with surrounding neighbors and they become destructive and rude. Attempts to ruin the life of the Creighton family are made because of their decision. Meanwhile his sister Jenny wishes to marry Shadrach Yale before he leaves for war. Even though he is a very close friend of the family, her father declines their request because he feels she is too young and won't allow her to marry Shadrach or anyone. He and Jenny continue to plan a wedding and he writes Jenny from his station on the battle field and further tension grows between the family and Shadrach's intentions of marrying.

Pepsi Sales Bubble with Limited Edition Soft Drinks

Week 5 Case Assignment MRKT 5000 PepsiCo: â€Å"Pepsi Sales Bubble with Limited-Edition Soft Drinks† Case Summary: Pepsi and their partner, Suntory, are using limited-edition soft drinks to boost market share in the $30 billion Japanese beverage market and keep sales bubbling despite a cola war with Coca-Cola and fierce competition for space on store shelves. No new product is a sure thing, but the Japanese market is particularly challenging.Of the 1,500 beverages launched there every year, only the tiniest percentage survives the introductory period because the Japanese convenient stores are small and they make room for only the products that will sell off the shelves quickly. Another reason is because the Japanese consumers crave novelty limited-editions products that are for specific seasons, regions, or reasons. Given, the competitive environment, the pressure from retailers to make new products perform, the speed with which consumer tastes change, and the cost of launchin g a new soft drink, Pepsi and Suntory are being careful not to overuse their limited-edition strategy.Key Marketing Issues: Line extension – Development of a product that is novelty, but closely related to their existing product line to meet different customer needs, to reach different target markets. Aesthetic modification – Changes to the sensory appeal of a product. Pepsi changed with berry-flavored Pepsi Blue and Ice Cucumber. Product differentiation – Creating and designing products so that customers perceive them as different from competing products.Pepsi differentiated itself by being offering the Ice Cucumber only during the summer and by limiting the Pepsi Blue. Personal Case Analysis: Case Questions: 1. Pepsi and Suntory cap their limited-edition soft drink introductions at four per year. What effect is this cap likely to have on the new product development process? By Pepsi and Suntory offering their limited-edition drink introductions at a cap of fou r per year it will have their consumer’s excited anticipating the next introduction, versus offering them more a year and their consumers getting bored quickly.What we have to remember is that the Japanese market does not respond the same way as the U. S does. The Japanese market, wants novelty and limited-edition and that’s what Pepsi and Suntory is going to give them. When Pepsi and Suntory set out to tap this widespread interest in variety by marketing limited-edition soft drinks, they started with berry-flavored Pepsi Blue. In the United States the Pepsi Blue remained on the market for two years. In Japan, the entire production sold out the same product within a few weeks.It’s a great marketing plan to allow their limited-edition soft drinks stand out and not overuse their limited-edition strategy. 2. How important is product quality when a limited edition soft drink like Ice Cucumber sells out in a matter of weeks? Product quality is important, but not as i mportant as ensuring that the product meet the needs of the consumers. Consumer needs are most important. Consumers spread the news by use of technology and word of mouth, which is significant for any successful marketing strategy.Another thing that’s important is the scarcity and seasonality, as mentioned in the textbook these two added to the appeal of high demand. 3. What criteria would you suggest that Pepsi and Suntory use when screening ideas for new limited-edition soft drinks? The most important criteria I suggest that Pepsi and Suntory use when screening new ideas for new limited-edition soft drinks is making sure they match product offerings to customer’s needs, make sure they have effective and consistent branding, good timing is necessary, effective promotions, and sufficient distribution.I would use the previous technique they used before by taste testing many possibilities, then choosing a flavor, creating samples and waiting for responses by focus groups . This will give consumers something to look forward to every season. Recommendations Works Cited Pride, W. and Ferrell, O. , Marketing, 16th ed. Copyright 2012, Cengage Learning